Sexual Harassment At The Military - 1964 Words

Shirley Boone Boone1 Deborah-Sullivan-Ford 212 Women in Business organizations Sexual Harassment of Women in the Military; It is a Dirty Secret I would like to bring awareness, give insight about the actual victims, and possibly educate you about sexual harassment of women in the military. Sexual harassment can be connected to sexual assault, beginning in one form and escalating to another level. The definition of sexual harassment is: unwelcome sexual harassment behavior of a sexual nature that is related to one’s job or work surroundings. Harassers can be male or female. In the military, the soldier can be a supervisor, coworkers, or a third party. But, why have we not heard anything about this issue? As a†¦show more content†¦This number was statistically higher in 2012 than in 2010, this number was at 4.4 percent. The 6.1 percent of women who were subjected to the unwanted sexual contact indicated the maximum behavior they encountered was unwanted sexual touching, this was at 32 percent, and attempted sex was at 26 percent, but 31 percent said that they experienced completed sex. So the question is where would these crimes take place? The majority of the unwanted sexual contact happened at the military installations, and during work day or duty hours. 94 percent of the offender(s) were men and 1 percent indicated the offender(s) were female only, and 5 percent indicated the offenders were both males and female The WGRA report shows that some of the offenders drugged their victims or the victim admitted to drinking alcohol and the others reported that some form of physical force was used (U.S. Military Gender Relations Survey). The proper procedure for reporting and or filing a claim for a female solider in the Army would be to report this issue to their supervisor, the Chain of Command, the Equal Opportunity Advisor and SHARP (Sexual Harassment/Assault Response Prevention). This is after the victim has tried to resolve the issue by letting the perpetrator or perpetrators know that this type of behavior is not warranted, not appreciated or welcomed. If the unwanted behavior continues, then is the next step would be to file an

I T Project Implementation Failures Free Essays

HCS 483 Health care Information System University of Phoenix Kathleen Clark Health care institutes usually take some plans or initiatives designed to improve the performance of the institute or move forward policy through the use of new or present information technologies. Many of these projects engage to accomplishment of a major application system, and often these projects called IT projects. Project is including implanting computerized system, registration, and order entry, scheduling and processing the discharge. We will write a custom essay sample on I T Project Implementation Failures or any similar topic only for you Order Now Role of the management is very important for any organization to lunch new system or updating for exiting system. Research need to done thoroughly before any kind of implementations start. As a matter of fact managements need follow few steps to introduced new system to employees and customers. †¢ Leader ship †¢ Language and vision †¢ Connection and trust †¢ Incentives †¢ Planning ,implanting ,iterating Memorial Health System hospital was not following those steps in order to get success on their plan. As a result Memorial Health hospital system COPE Implementation failed. Leader ship play big role for any organization. Leader need to be more focused on communication. As a leader have to more open about the change and benefit from change. Resources need to be identifying by the leader. Leader all way resolve the issues and alter the direction as needed. Most important part of being a leader, leader must need to make sure after identify the problem monitoring the progress. Language and vision for the employees need to be understood. Employees must know after the change how it will work and play important role in their everyday work life. Organization might describe the vision, out come from the change which will be patients’ service. Example patients should be able to see the doctors with no waiting time or get an appointment in patients’ convenient time. Connection with medical staffs will help more to get success in when implanting new system. Staffs will be more educated by knowing what kind of system hospital trying to bring to improve the patient service. All member of organization must trust each other integrity, intelligence as well as skill of leadership. All members in the organization must need to motivate and supported by leader to adopt change. All change need to plan ahead. Implementation of the plan is obviously necessary problem all way occurs during the implementation. Summer of the paper managing the IT project is changing agenda. Before any change management need to clearly define the projects, time and goals for the change in order to get success for new system. References Karen A. Wager, Frances Wickham Lee, John P. Glaser, Lawton Robert Burns, (2009). Health Care Information Systems. A Practical Approach for Health Care Management (2nd Ed. ). : John Wiley Sons Inc. How to cite I T Project Implementation Failures, Papers

Be Sure Youre Right, Then Go Ahead free essay sample

The Davy Crockett Gun Craze by Sarah Nilsen is an article about the effects of gunplay in the cartoon series of Davy Crockett in the 1950s. The cartoon depicted Davy Crockett as a hero with a gun, especially to the younger viewers, would think this is ok. Sarah Nilsen is a professor at the University of Vermont where she teaches the history of television and film and how it affects pop culture and its influence on the audience. (UVM.edu) In the article, she states that she believes that the media has control over its audience by illustrating something in a positive way. She uses the Davy Crockett Gun Craze as an example of how cartoons can change the view of guns to the public. There are examples and quotes in the article that flow well and give an adequate amount of information on the Davy Crockett Gun Craze. I believe Nilsen gives many great examples to help prove her point. We will write a custom essay sample on Be Sure Youre Right, Then Go Ahead or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One of the first examples, and perhaps one of the stronger points, was when she pointed out in 1942 in the Disney film Bambi, which was â€Å"anti-gun and anti-hunting† was hypocritical of Disney because then Disney produced the Davy Crockett cartoon about ten years later which advertised gun use as the â€Å"center of his image and message† (Nilsen 3). This example helped prove her point that Disney is hypocritical of itself and the messages they are sending to the younger viewers.Nilsen used another example that was a story of â€Å"a young child who was the son of a policeman asked his father for real bullets because his sister ‘doesn’t die for real when I shoot her like they do when Hopalong Cassidy kills ‘em† (Nilsen 4). Nilsen is displaying to the reader that young children are influenced by what they see on television. It’s causing children to see guns as a normal thing, like a toy, you wouldn’t be as safe as you should be with a weapon.One of the third examples from the article was the National Rifle Association. The National Rifle Association of America is located in Fairfax, Virginia. This is where the National Firearms Museum is located, which recreates past American history. By showing the gun history of America, and how it the gun helped organize the United States, it becomes an icon for America and helped make gunfight more acceptable. It was very popular at the time to have items such as games, apparel, coonskin hats, rifles, gun holsters in the parent’s bedrooms. In the article, it says â€Å"the 1950’s represented a time period in which the extensive popularity of the Western broadcasting was active in making the gun into a crucial part of American childhood.†In the end, I thought Sarah Nilsen’s article â€Å"Be Sure You’re Right, Then Go Ahead†: The Davy Crockett Gun Craze is an interesting article. I believe she makes many great points through her examples to support those points. She has great knowledge of the topic that shown through her writing and valid sources. It flows well to keep the reader on track and focused until the end. Who would have thought that Davy Crockett on how he became such a legend and how popular an icon can last?

The Life Of Charles Dickens (1113 words) Essay Example For Students

The Life Of Charles Dickens (1113 words) Essay The Life of Charles DickensINTRODUCTION This report will talk about the life of a famous author, Charles Dickens. It will tell you about his early, middle, and later years of his life. It will also talk about one of his great works of literature. In conclusion, this report will show a comparison of his work to his life. EARLY LIFECharles Dickens was born at Landport, in Portsea, on February 7, 1812. His father was a clerk in the Navy Pay-Office, and was temporarily on duty in the neighborhood when Charles was born. His name was John Dickens. He spent time in prison for debts. But, even when he was freehe lacked the money to support his family. Then, when Charles was two they moved to London. 1 Just before he started to toddle, he stepped into the glare of footlights. He never stepped out of it until he died. He was a good man, as men go in the bewildering world of ours, brave, transparent, tender-hearted, and honorable. Dickens was always a little too irritable because he was a little too happy. Like the over-wrought child in society, he was splendidly sociable, and in and yet sometimes quarrelsome. In all the practical relations of his life he was what the child is at a party, genuinely delighted, delightful, affectionate and happy, and in some strange way fundamentally sad and dangerously close to tears. 2 At the age of 12 Charles worked in a London factory pasting labels on bottles of shoe polish. He held the job only for a few months, but the misery of the experience remain with him all his life. 3 Dickens attended school off and on until he was 15, and then left for good. He enjoyed reading and was especially fond of adventure stories, fairy tales, and novels. He was influenced by such earlier English writers as William Shakespeare, Tobias Smollet, and Henry Fielding. However,most of the knowledge he later used as an author came from his environment around him. 4MIDDLE LIFEDickens became a newspaper writer and reporter in the late 1820s. He specialized in covering debates in Parliament, and also wrote feature articles. His work as a reporter sharpened his naturally keen ear for conversation and helped develop his skill in portraying his characters speachrealistically. It also increased his ability to observe and to write swiftly and clearly. Dickens first book, Sketches b y Boz (1836) consisted of articles he wrote for the Monthly Magazine and the London Evening Chronicles.5 On April 2, 1836 he married Catherine Hogarth. This was just a few days before the anoucement that on the 31st he would have his first work printed in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club. And this was the beginning of his career. 6 Then, at 24, Dickens became famous and was so until he died. He won his first literary fame with The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club. Published in monthly parts in 1836 and 1837 the book describes the humorous adventure and misadventures of the English Countryside. After a slow start, The Pickwick Papers as the book was usually called gained a popularity seldom matched in the history of literature. 7 Then in 1837, Catherines sister Mary, died. Because of her death Dickens suffered a lot of grief. This led some scholars to believe that Dickens loved Mary more than Catherine. Catherine was a good woman but she lacked intelligence. Dickens a nd Catherine had 10 children. Then later in 1858, the couple seperated. 8 LATER LIFEHis later years was basically consisting of two main additions to his previous activites. The first was a series of public readings and lectures which he began giving it systematically. And second, he was a successive editor. Dickens had been many things in his life; he was a reporter , an actor, a conjurer, a poet, a lecturer, and a editor and he enjoyed all of those things. 9 Dickens had a remarkable mental and physical energy. He recorded all his activites in thousands of letter, many of which made delightful readings. He spent much of his later life with crowded social friends from arts and literature. He also went to the theater as often as he could, cause heloved drama. Dickens also produced and acted in small theaters to give public readings of hiswork.10 Besides doing all this after his retirement he got involved in various charities . These charities included schools for poor children and a loan society to enable the poor to prove to Australia. 11 Then about 1865 his health started to decline and he died of a stroke on June 9, 1870. 12Dickens Work The Great Expectations This story talks about a guy who is in love with a girl. It is the theme of a youths discovery of the realities of life. An unknown person provides the young hero, Pip, with money so that he can live as a gentleman. Pips pride is shattered when he learns that he loses Estella forever, the source ofhis great expectation. Only by painfully revising his values does Pip reestablish his life on a foundation of sympathy, rather than on vanity, possesions, and social position. .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a , .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a .postImageUrl , .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a , .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a:hover , .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a:visited , .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a:active { border:0!important; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a:active , .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u72b21fed35e9d19b71ca3e0a69cfad4a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Salem witch trials Essay We will write a custom essay on The Life Of Charles Dickens (1113 words) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Conclusion His work of Great Expectation is very related with his life. It deals with the same problems he faced when he lost Catherine and how his life was before he became rich and famous. He also created scenes and descriptions of places that have longed delighted readers. Dickens was a keenobserver of life and had a great understanding of humanity, especially of young people. The warmth and humor of his personality appeared in all of his works. Perhaps in no other large body of fiction does the reader receive so strong and agreeable impression of the person behind thestory. Endnotes1. G. K. Chesterton, Charles Dickens The Last of The Great Men, American Book-Stratford Press, NY., 1942 pg.192. Ibid, pg. 21-22 3. Johnson, Edgar, His Tragedy and Triumph. Rev. ed. Viking, 1977, pg. 204. Ibid, pg. 275. World Book Encyclopedia, Random House, NY., 1990 pg. 1936. G. K. Chesterton, Charles Dickens The Last of the Great Men, American Book-Stratford Press, NY., 1942 pg. 507. World Book Encyclopedia, Random House, NY., 1990 pg. 1938. Johnson, Edgar, His Tragedy and Triumph. Rev. ed. Viking, 1977, pg. 539. G. K. Chesterton, Charles Dickens The Last of the Great Men, American Book-Stratford Press, NY., 1942 pg. 16710. World Book Encyclopedia, Random House, NY., 1990 pg.195BIBLIOGRAPHYChesterton, G.K., The Last of the Great Men American Book-Stratford Press, NY., 1942. Johnson, Edgar, His Tragedy and Triumph Rev. ed. Viking, 1977. World Book Encyclopedia, Random House, NY., 1990

Comparison between the sitcom Friends and the play of Nevilles Island Essay Example

Comparison between the sitcom Friends and the play of Nevilles Island Essay Example Comparison between the sitcom Friends and the play of Nevilles Island Essay Comparison between the sitcom Friends and the play of Nevilles Island Essay The hit sitcom Friends started ten years ago when we were first introduced to Monica, Rachael, Phoebe, Chandler, Ross and Joey and today I am going to compare the sitcom of Friends with the play of Nevilles Island which was written by Tim Firth. Nevilles Island is not only a play. It has also been recently made into a film starring Timothy Spall, Martin Clunes, Jeff Rawle and David Bamber. Friends on the other hand was written and still remains for television and for the past ten years it has been broadcast over the Atlantic to millions of eager viewers both in America and the U. K. In America Friends is broadcast over the television network of NBC compared to the U. K where it is received through Channel 4. When we first observe the film of Nevilles Island we are introduced to four businessmen, who, when their boat sinks, find themselves stranded on a small island, called Rampsholme in the middle of the Lake Districts Derwent Water. The Four Characters in Nevilles Island are on a team-building weekend, they are Neville, (Jeff Rawle), has become the elected Captain of the group, who then proves he is unfit for his position when he leads the team in the wrong direction. He does his best to maintain order in the groups arguments, and works well as a go-between as he proves to be very reasonable with his fellow peers, and he seems to be the most adjusted member of the group to island life, He is dressed in an Anorak and wears glasses. He tries his hardest to keep the peace between Angus and Gordon, (Timothy Spall) who is extremely sarcastic towards his fellow peers and seems to pick up on every little flaw in their character, which later show him to be a bully, his cruel sarcasm gives us many funny moments throughout the play of Nevilles island, such as all Christians are like Radio hams. Gordon seems to have many rants at his fellow colleagues most of which result in handbags at dawn style tension between him and Angus, (David Bamber) whom at the start of the play; he comes across as a good-natured person who is full of optimism. Angus seems to have dressed out of the camp shop side of his wardrobe so to speak as he is dressed constantly in cagoules, anoraks and knitted hats. Angus turns out to be a bit sad as he seems to bore everyone stiff, with his numerous attempts at cracking jokes. Also, later in the play where all hope seems to have to been lost he suddenly reveals a hidden sausage, which in the heating of proves to be very funny. He may also later have hindered the groups rescue as he seems to have bought the entire stock of a camping shop and told nobody about it, his shopping list includes a 18-inch knife, climbing rope and for some reason unbeknown to his fellow standees.. a dinner suit! Roy, (Martin Clunes), is a born-again Christian who has an un-kempt appearance. Roy has recently returned to work following a prolonged breakdown, after the death of his mother, Lucy, he literally hangs onto his sanity and Gordons rant about how old people only become religious because they are scared stiff, and there just grabbing, grabbing, grabbing at the rope, and no-ones holding the other end doesnt help either as this near-enough sends Roy into a relapse, and he disappears into the undergrowth with an 18-inch knife, so the group fear he may do something to harm himself, but later he is found, sat up a tree wearing only his underwear, but after he returns the knife to Neville, they fear he may take his own life again as Angus almost mile long piece of rope has gone missing, and they think he may hang himself he also reveals to Neville that he helped his mother to end her own life Roy is also a keen birdwatcher, and he takes his time on the island to observe a rare falcon, and is called amongst many other things by Gordon Doo-lally Friends is all about 6 friends who all live in the same block of apartments in New York, the show takes us through their individual strengths, weaknesses, problems and goals most of all their intertwining relationships with each other. The characters in friends are Joey Tribbiani (Matt Leblanc. ) Joey is broad-shouldered, wide-eyed and thick-headed. Joey comes from New York and is a lover who has had many partners. Joey is a not-so-good actor who never has to play-act being a good guy or a better friend, but he wants to hit the big-time as an actor. He is cheeky, and most of his jokes are sexually orientated, followed by hand gestures. Joey is sarcastic. Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry) Wise-cracks, and sets off development in characters storyline. Chandler appears to be over-qualified at work and he seems to be afraid of wife Monica. Chandler gives really bad advice. Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) Ross is the personification of an intellectual geek as he is an expert in Palaeontology. Ross is still looking for love after 3 divorces. He has always loved Rachael. Ross is quite nerdy, and (most of the time) sticks to the rule book. Rachael Green (Jennifer Aniston), Rachael comes across as an IT/ Daddys girl. She dithers a lot, and is meant to be with Ross, even though they have drifted apart many times. Monica Geller Bing (Courtney Cox Arquette) used to be a high-school fatty, but now has slimmed down to obsessive and cleaning mad Monica. She is a good sister to Ross and a friend to everyone. After marrying Chandler, Monica seems to have made him find his maturity. Phoebe Buffay Hannigan (Lisa Kudrow) a hippie chick who has led a traumatic life, her mother killed herself, her stepfather went to prison, and she lived on the streets for some of her life. She drives people mad with her out-of-key folk songs that she writes with her guitar. Phoebe can be quite dippy, but she is kind-hearted, a good spirit, and seems to take everyday as it comes. She near enough floats around and I think would have fit in perfectly in the 60s. Very off-the-wall. The sitcom of friends is set in New York and it appears to be aimed at the younger generations of the 90s and 00s, this is mainly caused by its humour and that the characters themselves are very young. In comparison to this the play of Nevilles Island is set in a remote island in the middle of a lake in the Lake District and its characters are all middle-aged around 40 years old and Nevilles Island, I think can appeal to all ages as the comedy and mishaps that occur between the four characters of Angus, Roy, Gordon and Neville could almost happen to anybody of any age. The four men in Nevilles Island are all executives of a water company and they have been sent on this team-building exercise. The friendships in either drama are very different, as the 6 friends in Friends are all immensely close and after being so for ten years they appear to have a love for each other which comes with a bond that makes their friendships so special to them, even though the group is half men, half women apart from sexual tension between Monica and Chandler, Ross and Rachael this appears to not affect their friendships whatsoever. These bonds of friendship could not be more different than in the play of Nevilles Island by Tim Firth as the four colleagues seem to have been forced to be together and this creates lots of tension between them particularly with Roy and Gordon with his rants about all Christians are like radio-hams. The four colleagues seem to be each putting up with each other constantly and we get a sense that if they had not worked in the same workplace, these four individuals would never had considered becoming friends with each other. The Two dramas of Friends and Nevilles Island have been written in the same decade and they include many moral issues and information about current affairs for example the mood of Friends was slightly changed for a while during the aftermath of the September 11th terrorist attacks on the World trade centres. The home life/lifestyle has affected the personalities of all the characters in either drama such as Phoebe is slightly mad and sometimes eccentric. This may have been caused by her circumstances as a child as her mother killed herself, her stepfather went to prison, and she lived on the streets for some of her life. In Nevilles Island we see Gordon who appears to bully most people he sees by picking up on every flaw in their character and using it as ammunition against them, Gordon appears to be in denial as in fact he is very lonely but refuses to admit this. There are many themes/issues that arise from the two dramas of Nevilles Island and Friends such as Status; in Friends the 6 characters stand almost as individuals and they respect each other because of it and apart from minute outbursts from such characters as Monica giving rants about Crummies, but this is simply a part of Monicas character and does not distinguish her as having more power over fellow friends. In contrast to this there is use of Status/Power in Nevilles Island, and this comes mainly from the character Gordon bullying people and bossing them about. Gordon is not however the chosen leader of the group, who is Neville but Gordon, underestimates his given authority on the island and simply does what he wants and says what he wants regardless of their feelings. Gordon always makes sarcastic and negative comments about his fellow colleagues; this makes him feel superior and powerful to the rest of the group. Friendship is a key theme in both pieces of drama as in Friends, the entire purpose of the sitcom is to display the friendship between the 6 characters however Nevilles Island meddles with the idea of leaving work-place politics behind in order the group of them to survive, whilst on the island though we realise that this group of colleagues dont actually like each other and seem to have been forced into this team-building weekend.

Find Out What Happened to the Mayan People

Find Out What Happened to the Mayan People The fall of the Maya is one of history’s great mysteries. One of the mightiest civilizations in the ancient Americas simply fell into ruin in a very short time, leaving many wondering what happened to the ancient Maya. Mighty cities like Tikal were abandoned and Maya stonemasons stopped making temples and stelae. The dates are not in doubt: deciphered glyphs at several sites indicate a thriving culture in the ninth century A.D., but the record goes eerily silent after the last recorded date on a Maya stela, 904 A.D. Many theories exist as to what happened to the Maya, but experts display little consensus. The Disaster Theory Early Maya researchers believed that some catastrophic event may have doomed the Maya. An earthquake, volcanic eruption, or sudden epidemic disease could have destroyed cities and killed or displaced tens of thousands of people, bringing the Maya civilization crashing down. These theories have been discarded today, however, largely because of the fact that the decline of the Maya took about 200 years; some cities fell while others thrived, at least for a while longer. An earthquake, disease, or another widespread calamity would have snuffed out the great Maya cities more or less simultaneously. The Warfare Theory The Maya were once thought to have been a peaceful, Pacific culture. This image has been shattered by the historical record; new discoveries and newly deciphered stone carvings clearly indicate that the Maya battled frequently and viciously among themselves. City-states such as Dos Pilas, Tikal, Copn, and Quirigua went to war with one another often, and Dos Pilas was invaded and destroyed in 760 A.D. Some experts wonder if they went to war with one another enough to cause the collapse of their civilization, which is quite possible. War often brings with it an economic disaster and collateral damage that could have caused a domino effect in the Maya cities. Civil Strife Theory Staying with a theory of unrest, some researchers believe civil war may have been a cause. As the populations in the large cities boomed, a great strain was placed on the working class to produce food, build temples, clear rainforests, mine obsidian and jade, and do other labor-intensive tasks. At the same time, food was becoming more and more scarce. The idea that a hungry, overworked working class might overthrow the ruling elite is not too far-fetched, especially if warfare between city-states was as endemic as researchers believe. The Famine Theory Preclassic Maya (1000 B.C.–300 A.D.) practiced basic subsistence agriculture: slash-and-burn cultivation on small family plots. They planted mostly corn, beans, and squash. On the coast and lakes, there was some basic fishing as well. As the Maya civilization advanced, the cities grew, their population growing much larger than could be fed by local production. Improved agricultural techniques such as draining wetlands for planting or terracing hills picked up some of the slack, and increased trade also helped, but the large population in the cities must have put great strain on the food production. A famine or other agricultural calamity affecting these basic and vital crops could certainly have caused the downfall of the ancient Maya. Environmental Change Theory Climate change may also have done in the ancient Maya. As the Maya were dependent on the most basic agriculture and a handful of crops, supplemented by hunting and fishing, they were extremely vulnerable to droughts, floods, or any change in the conditions that affected their food and water supply. Some researchers have identified some climatic change that occurred around that time: for example, the coastal water levels rose toward the end of the Classic period. As coastal villages flooded, people would have moved to the large inland cities, placing added strain upon their resources while losing food from farms and fishing. So...What Happened to the Ancient Maya? Experts in the field simply do not have enough solid information to state with clear-cut certainty how the Maya civilization ended. The downfall of the ancient Maya was likely caused by some combination of the factors above. The question seems to be which factors were most important and if they were linked somehow. For example, did a famine lead to starvation, which in turn led to civil strife and warring upon neighbors? Investigations havent ceased. Archaeological digs are ongoing at many sites, and new technology is being used to re-examine previously excavated sites. For example, recent research, using chemical analysis of soil samples, indicates that a certain area at the Chunchucmil archaeological site in Yucatan was used for a food market, as had been long suspected. Mayan glyphs, long a mystery to researchers, have now mostly been deciphered. Sources: McKillop, Heather. The Ancient Maya: New Perspectives. New York: Norton, 2004. National Geographic Online: The Maya: Glory and Ruin. 2007. NY Times Online: Ancient Yucatn Soils Point to Maya Market, and Market Economy. 2008.

Murder and Manslaughter Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Murder and Manslaughter - Assignment Example Murders are divided into first and second degree of murder. First-degree murder is when the accused planned and premeditated about the murder. It carries the highest penalties unlike second degree of murder that was not premeditated or planned (Great Britain, 2006). Manslaughter is illegal killing without malice though it disregards human life. Murder can be reduced to manslaughter in two ways. The first one is heat of passion and the second is imperfect defense of oneself or others. In order for a killing to qualify as caused by passion, the accused must have been provoked compelling him to act irrationally with intense emotion. Lastly, the provocation should be force an average person  to act recklessly. Murder can also be reduced to manslaughter if the accused killed to defend himself or another person. In a scenario where the victim posed a threat to another person’s life, and is killed because of the danger he posed, the accused should not be guilty. However, if the victim’s threat could not have injured the other person, the murder is reduced to manslaughter. The accused charged as per the laws of the country (Yeo & University of Sydney,